Effective treatment of joints, synovitis, arthritis and arthrosis

Not only does joint pain complicate life, but as a rule it shows dangerous inflammatory and destructive processes that gradually limit movements and if treatment or absence is not in irreversible deformity and damage.

Arthrosis is the second largest cause of damage after cardiovascular disease.At the same time, arthritis and arthrosis are very often affected by the still -working population, that is, people become disabled - or are forced to constantly overcome the pain to make a living.

So why do joint pain occur and what are the methods available to Russians today, who will not only temporarily relieve pain but will eliminate inflammation and stop the destruction of the joint?

Arthritis and arthrosis - differences

Arthritis and arthrosis have similar names as both diseases affect the joints.They differ in the nature of the changes in the joints.

AtarthritisThe pain is associated with inflammation of the joint tissue.In this disease, a synovial shell suffers, in which blood and lymphatic vessels, nerve endings, are concentrated.Accordingly, this affects both the nutrition of the joint and the production of joint lubrication (synovial fluid), which nourishes the cartilage.

Arthritis can developAt any ageIncluding in children and adolescents (adolescent arthritis).In addition, the disease can be affectedAlmost any joints, including small (finger arthritis) and multiple joint damage can also be observed -PolyarthritisS

The long existing arthritis leads to arthrosisbecause more special the joint, cartilage tissue suffers a long time from the deficiency of feed that comes from the synovial fluid.It is important not to "extinguish" inflammatory reactions with anti -inflammatory drugs, namelyFight with the cause of inflammation, for example, using funding.

AtarthrosisFirst of all, observedCartilage, covering the surface of the bone (and with a neglected process - the bone itself for the bone).The cartilage ceases to deal with the load that appears on it, and it begins to collapse faster than it manages to recover.The cartilage matter is softened, the normal sliding of the joint surfaces is disturbed, all movements are accompanied by pain.

Arthrosis occurs more oftenAfter 40 yearsSThe lesion of large joints, such as knees (gonarthrosis) and hip joints (coxarthrosis), is more common and causes damage and damage.More commonly found osteoarthrosis of the fingers, arthrosis of the thumb, temporomandibular joint, damage to the shoulder, elbow joint and more.

Symptoms and signs

Symptoms of arthritis:

• Synovitis, that is, swelling, increased sensitivity or tenderness when touching, limiting the mobility of the joint;
• acute, sick pain, both on the move and at rest;
• Morning stiffness, due to the fact that edema develops in the joint time in the joint time.It takes 40-60 minutes after the start of the movement.

Arthritis can also be observed common characteristics characteristic of inflammation: fever, chills, sweating, general weakness.It can be manifested by headache, weight loss.Symptoms of the disease are also observed, which causes inflammation: damage to the heart with rheumatoid arthritis, lungs and other organs with tuberculosis, etc.

Symptoms of arthrosis:

• The pain that occurs with daily exercise, not at rest.For example, knee pain and hip joint when walking, running, squat, walks up the stairs, etc.Then, as it moves, the pain disappears (starting pain).There is severe knee pain and crunching when bending.
• Short -term "start -up pain" after periods of rest related to the fact that the joint surfaces on which the details precipitate (the result of the destruction of cartilage and bone tissue) are rubbed on top of each other.15-20 minutes after the onset of the movement, the pain passes as the Detrite is pushed.
• Continuous silly night pain is more often at the beginning of the night due to venous stagnation.

Arthrosis is often accompanied by inflammatory reactions.Accordingly, pain and swelling are observed, as with arthritis, and the disease itself is calledArthros-arthritisS

In prolonged arthrosis, there is often a restriction on mobility due to degenerative changes in the muscles, tendons (so -called contractures), occursJoint deformationSTherefore, the disease is often calledDeformation of arthrosisorDeformation of osteoarthrosisS

Stages and degree of osteoarthritis

There are several stages of osteoarthritis, which are generally recognized by radiological photos:

• First degree osteoarthrosis - changes in bones and cartilage are poorly expressed as a rule when conducting computed tomography.Pain and swelling occur after moderate physical activity.Swelling of the joint passes after rest.
• Second degree osteoarthrosis - large tissue begins to collapse, along the edges of the joint appear on the growths of bone tissue (osteophytes), to narrow, leading to constant pain.Swelling and pain become constant.
• Osteoarthrosis 3-4 degrees-exempted destruction of cartilage, as well as devoid of bone tissue protection.Constant swelling is observed, the work of the bonds, the muscle function that leads to deformation of the joints is observed.The axial load in the joint is broken: "O" or "X" deformation in the joints.

Which doctor to contact?

If you are suspected of arthritis or arthrosis, you should consult a doctor for the correct diagnosis.In a regular clinic, this problem is addressed to a rheumatologist or traumatologist orthopedist, rarely to the surgeon.In large diagnostic centers, you can get to a meeting with an arthrologist.This is a specialist who is directly involved in joint diseases.

Causes of arthritis and arthrosis

The main causes of arthritis:

• Rheumatoid(Sometimes say rheumatically) Autoimmune disease when the body's protective immune cells for some unknown reasons begin to kill their own cells on the body, taking them as alien (Rheumatoid arthritis).The nature of this disease is not completely clear.The disease more often affects women (3-5 times, according to various sources).Youth rheumatoid arthritis (adolescent idiopathic arthritis) has been established - a childhood form that occurs in children and adolescents under 16 years.
• Infectious diseases, in which symptoms of arthritis are observed, such as tuberculosis, brucellosis, boreliosis, etc.
• Non -infectious disease(Psoriasis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, etc.)
• Metabolic disorders, for example, gout.

The main causes of arthrosis:

• Injury- The most common reason.
• Congenital dysplasia(Disruption of the joint surfaces of the bones) of the joint (eg dysplastic coxarthrosis).In this case, the joints are too mobile, the increased load is increased and the wear is faster.
• Long -existing arthritis(Rheumatoid arthritis, joint tuberculosis, etc.).Disorders of metabolism in the synovial fluid lead to insufficient feeding of the cartilage, slowing down the processes of renewal of dead cells and provoking its destruction.
• Excessive physical activity, more special, when engaged in professional sports or monotonous production operations.It is noted that in sewing it is most commonly found with arthrosis of the joints of the hands, in workers using Jackhamer - elbow and shoulder joints.In other words, first of all, the cartilage, which has the maximum load for a long time, suffers.
• Hormonal disordersSIn women, this is often associated with menopause.

Regardless of the specific cause of arthritis or arthrosis, the main problem is to disturb the balance between the processes of destruction and restoration in the joint tissues.

At the cellular level, this means that in the joint:

• accumulateUnnecessary damaged and dead cellswhich the body has no time to remove;

• No new functional cells form enough, which must replace dead cells and guarantee the proper functioning of the joint.

The difference in body reactions with arthritis and arthrosis is explained by the difference in the tissues of the affected joints.

With arthritis, damaged cells predominate in the synovial membrane and synovial fluid and the process of inflammation is started there.Edema is a necessary reaction of the body to combat excess damaged cells in the soft tissues.

With arthrosis, damaged cells predominate in cartilage tissue, where another protective mechanism works: replacing damaged functional cells with connective tissue (scars), which is unable to perform depreciation functions and has no property of elasticity, elasticity.

Excess damaged cells can occur at a time due to injury, hypothermia, etc.In other cases, the accumulation of dead cells, a reduction in the functionality of the joint tissue occurs gradually due to the daily stress (for example, when you play sports, heavy or monotonous physical work).In this regard, this is of great importance in the treatment of arthritis and arthrosis of risk factors.

Risk factors

All risk factors for arthritis or arthrosis are related to situations where the cell death processes in the joint begin to prevail over the recovery processes:

• HypodynamiaSA sedentary lifestyle leads to a slight micro -vibration of muscle fibers, the development of stagnant tissue processes, insufficient lymphatic and capillary flow flow and, accordingly, leads to increased damage and premature death of healthy joint cells of the joint.
• OverweightSExcess body weight increases the load on the support joints - the hip joint and the knee.In addition, the fat layer complicates the flow to the blood joints, which is why the cartilage nutrition is impaired.It is noted that women more than weight suffer from knee arthrosis 4 times more often than their slender peers.It is believed that a reduction in body weight per 1 kg reduces the load when walking for each knee or hip joint by 4 kg.
• Spinal diseases(Osteochondrosis, intervertebral hernia).There is a spinal cord in the spine through which nerve impulses pass to the muscles.If the passage of impulses is broken, the muscles do not work harmoniously and in insufficient depreciation of the jump when jumping, lowering the stairs, running and walking.Accordingly, even with natural daily loads of the joints, the joints of the joints are damaged and die more frequent.
• Old ageSBody resources are gradually exhausted.The tower of the tissues is found everywhere, including in the joints, at different speeds, depending on the action of harmful factors and genetic predispositions.

Infections and non -infectious diseases in most cases are just a "trigger"SArthritis occurs as a rule in the presence of the above risk factors.These.Inflammation occurs against the background of existing problems - insufficient blood flow, lymphatic flow, stagnation in the joints.Healthy cells, as a rule, effectively prevent infections and other "attacks".Therefore, it is important to treat not only the underlying disease that generates arthritis, but also the joints themselves.

Based on this general understanding, the principles of effective joint treatment follow.

Principles of Effective Joint Treatment

The longer and more strong the destruction processes predominate during the recovery process, the faster the moment of irreversible changes begin.In this regard, it is important as soon as possible to move the balance in the direction of recovery.

This is necessary:

• Pure fabricsFrom excess damaged cells formed as a result of injury, infection, autoimmune (rheumatoid, etc.).This is necessaryStrengthening the flow of lymphS
• Improvement of blood supplyjoint tissue, which will lead to the naturalImprove the nutrition of cellsSAs a result, the process of premature cell death will stop, the restoration of cartilage, the synovial membrane, the normalization of the composition of the synovial fluid, etc., is stimulated.
• Restoration of innervationfabrics.Impaired conductivity of the nerve pathways from the spinal cord to the joint can sometimes be the main cause of the disease.
• MaximumReduce the loadOn the affected joints at the first manifestations of the disease, to prevent the more current premature cell death.Do not wear heels if possible to lose weight, do not lift weights, walk carefully and go down, often alternate physical activity with complete peace during the day, etc.This is a whole set of measures that usually involves a serious change in the path of lifestyle.

Consider different types of treatment in terms of the first three of the above principles of efficiency.

Drug (drug) therapy

In case of inflammationThe following medicines are used:

1. Hetepoid anti -inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)SThe main mechanism of action of these drugs is to slow down the inflammatory process and to eliminate the pain.Dead cell cleaning tissues do not appearSThey alleviate the patient's condition but do not slow down the progression of the process [3].These drugs are taken practicallyfor life, if there is no intolerance to them.In this case, side effects often occur: negatively affect the condition of the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines and their prolonged useArranged by the development of gastritis, ulcers, ulcerative bleedingSSome NSAIDs have a negative effect on cartilage, thus provoking the development of arthrosis [4].
2. Hormonal drugs, which are usually introduced directly into the joint in the form of injection.They are only used according to the strict indications of the doctor and in extreme cases with severe pain that is not eliminated by the NSAIDs.Hormonal drugs suppress immunity and, accordingly, the process of eliminating dead cells from the joints suffering.As a result of treatment, the intensity of inflammation decreases, one experiences relief.There are side effects: the production of own hormones is reduced, metabolic processes, etc., can be impaired.When the joint is introduced into the joint cavity, the effects of side effects on the body are generally more low than when taking tablets, however, they are also observed.The cause of the disease is not eliminatedS
3. Cytostatics- a group of antitumor drugs that disrupt the mechanisms of growth, development and divisionAll cellsorganism.In the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, they reduce the amount of antibodies that kill their own cells in the body.The processes of the formation of other cells, including hematopoiesis, are also impaired.Tissue cleaning does not occurS

Thus, the anti -inflammatory drug therapy is only aimed at eliminating the symptoms of the disease, but not at the purification or feeding of joint tissues.Medicines only slow down, "freeze" the protective inflammatory process started by the body.

Temporary pain elimination is also dangerous as the patient ceases to "spare" the inflammation leg.And this exacerbates the damage to cartilage and bones.Therefore, the disease inevitably returns and the pain increases only due to the appearance of additional damage during the imaginary "lull".And soon the only method is only the prosthesis of the joint.

Joint prosthesis(Replacement of the joint with artificial) - complex, expensive, surgical intervention in which serious postoperative complications are possible (infection, thrombosis of a deep vein, inflammation of the nerves, etc.).The prosthesis is an artificial device that can replace the function of a particular organ.If the prosthesis is located inside the human body, then it is called endoprosthesis.The joint endoprothetics is an operation to replace the components of the joints with implants that have an anatomical shape of a healthy joint and allow the entire volume of movements.After such surgery, the patient forgets about joint pain and returns to an active life.The center conducts operations on the endoprothetics of large (knee, thigh, shoulder, elbow) and small (joints of the fingers).When an infection is joined, osteomyelitis may develop, which requires the removal of the prosthesis and the affected areas of the bone.The functionality of the prosthesis is lower than that of the real joint.During falls and careless movements, dislocations, fractures of artificial joint fragments are possible, which requires a second operation.High risk of becoming a disabled disabled strollerS

The following medicines are used to try to restore cartilage, the following medicines are used:

1. ChondroprotectorsSThey are assigned to restore joint cartilage.These medicines (mainly for nutritional supplements) are widely used.However, numerous studies showLack of effect even compared to placebo!

2. Hyaluronic acid- An important component of cartilage.It is an important structural component of cartilage matrix, protecting it from wear.The drug based on it can be administered in the joint in the form of injections only after eliminating the inflammatory process.The cost of one injection depends on the concentration of the drug and the manufacturer, one course includes several injections.The introduction of this acid temporarily prevents the joint from further damage.HoweverA tempted drug does not stimulate the production of one's own acidTherefore, the courses must be repeated constantly in order to maintain the effect.

In addition to medication treatment, there are additional methods:

• laser therapy;
• Cryotherapy (cold treatment);
• warming;
• magnetotherapy;
• electromyostimulation;
• Phonophoresis (ultrasound);
• Treatment with gold -containing medicines, etc.

However, the effectiveness of these methods, however, regarding the healing of arthritis and arthrosis in a great issue [5] since theyDo not guarantee the removal of the root causeDiseases - disorders of balance between the destruction and repair of joint tissue.

A new understanding of the benefits of physiotherapy exercises (exercises)

Medical exercises, aerobic training, swimming - an effective means of preventing and treating arthrosis.They are aimed at restoring the mobility of the joint and an increase in blood flow to this area and can therefore stimulate the cleaning and repair of joint tissue.

During exercise, workMuscles create energy of biological microvibration*which is necessary for transport and metabolic processes at the cellular level.Lymph and blood vessels are not suitable for every body of the body, for every micro-post.Therefore, the cells do not have their own vehicles to move and contact each other, they must "shake them", which is provided by the contractile activity of muscle fibers, that is, muscle work.

The muscles create the energy of micro -vibration constantly (even during sleep), only power differs.The lack of micro -vibration shows the death of a person.The micro -vibration level enough to feed and clean all the tissues, including joints, occurs onlyWith physical muscle tensionS

Therefore, exercise therapy is recommended in the treatment of arthrosis and has a healing effect.

Unfortunately,Medical Physical Education has serious restrictions:

• Exercise therapy can only be performed after removal of inflammation during remission;
• Exercises are not recommended for severe pain;
• Elderly people have a whole bouquet of diseases or a serious joint degradation that no longer allows exercise;
• PeopleHigh -weightThey can only be performed with a limited amount of exercise (in the position of the bed, sitting) to restore the joints of the hip joint and the knee, since when walking and similar loads, the joints experience overload and continue to collapse;
• Exercise therapy will be effective in frequent regular classes when the classes alternate with periods of rest for the joint.As a rule, people are forced to go to work, to have a number of family responsibilities that do not allow them to fully devote themselves (for a long time) only exercises with rest periods.
• Exercise therapy can be ineffective if arthrosis was a consequence of physical overload and dystrophic changes in the tissues in the joint.Muscle cells are already exhausted and additional loading can lead to their death.
• Exercise therapy does not solve the problem of restoring the conductivity of the nerve pathways, that is, in the presence of diseases of the LFK spine, this will be ineffective as the nerve impulses will reach the joint zone poorly.

Thus, exercise therapy is an effective treatment of arthrosis (but not arthritis) at a not too old age with an unsuccessful stage of the disease in the absence of other aggravating diseases.

Cleaning and restoration of the joint tissue using a background

However, there is a way out of the situation!The energy of biological micro -vibration can be obtained from the outside using vibration -acoustic therapy (phonation).

The founting consists in the transmission of sound micro -vibration (frequency range 30 - 20,000 Hz) in the body of a person or animal using a special compact medical apparatus.Such sound microvibrations are natural for the body: in their physical characteristics they are similar to those biological microvibrations that create muscle tissue with maximum static physical stress.

Thus, the home applied at home is this direct alternative to exercise.At the same time, the effect of such therapy is higher as it is an external "clean" resource in relation to the body and does not require its muscle costs.The energy of the micro -vibration is a directed point, to the area of the affected joint, up to a depth of 10 cm.Due to the external source, muscle tissue is exhausted during the period of hypodinamia, physical overload, stress, hypothermia, restoration of their contractile activity and therefore the required level of micro -vibration (microdistan).

Despite its simplicity of exposure, the call has many therapeutic effects:

• Improves lymphatic flow in the exposure area and accordingly helps to clean the tissues and the early completion of the inflammatory process.ThisUnique propertyThe method of physiotherapy, which is inaccessible to drug therapy.Currently, no medicine can directly affect the flow of lymph.
• Improves blood flow and, respectively, the nutrition of each cell;
• encourages joint lubrication;
• contribute to the output of the stem of stem cells - the ancestors of all functional cells of the body, including the cells of the joint tissues;
• Improves the conductivity of nerve pathways with prolonged effects on the problem area of the spine.

In this case, the call has no side effect, but it has a long effect.

The effectiveness of foning (vibration -acoustic therapy) in the treatment of joints has been proven by numerous studies.

The scientifically proven effectiveness in the treatment of arthritis and arthrosis reaches 70-90% depending on the study.